Transformation of Skills and Jobs in Business and Economics
Kh.F. HUSEYNOVA · University of Salford Institutional Repository (University of Salford) · 27 Oct 2026
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A documentary and conceptual analysis of how technological change, including generative AI, reshapes skills and jobs in business and economics, drawing on WEF, OECD and IMF reports and a case from Azerbaijan. It does not estimate employment effects with original data.
Abstract
Skills and jobs in business and economics are being reshaped by globalization, technological change, demographic shifts, and the green transition. The World Economic Forum’s Future of Jobs Report 2025 estimates that employers expect 39% of workers’ core skills to change or become outdated by 2030; this is a five-year expectation, not a forecast for 2026 (World Economic Forum [WEF], 2025, p. 32).These changes have intensified with the diffusion of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI), digital platforms, and knowledge-intensive production. The WEF estimate describes expected skill instability among surveyed employers and should not be interpreted as meaning that 39% of all jobs will disappear. The OECD’s Skills Outlook 2025 highlights unequal opportunities to develop and use foundational, information-processing, and social-emotional skills, while the IMF’s October 2025 World Economic Outlook discusses the productivity potential of AI alongside the need for policies that help workers adapt (OECD, 2025; IMF, 2025).This paper examines the relationship between technological change, skill formation, and occupational restructuring, with particular attention to digital competence, analytical reasoning, and socio-emotional skills. It uses a documentary and conceptual analysis of selected international reports and academic literature, and applies an illustrative case analysis to reconstruction and development in Azerbaijan’s Karabakh and Eastern Zangezur regions. It discusses how digitalization, smart infrastructure, logistics, and renewable energy may alter skill needs, while recognizing that the paper does not estimate employment effects using original quantitative data.
About this publication
Academic journal. Published in an academic journal — typically peer-reviewed before publication, though indexing alone doesn't guarantee review depth.
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